Changes in Soil Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties Caused by

Changes in Soil Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties Caused by Artificial Drainage of WetlandsWetland specks ar extremely varied. They atomic number 18 found from the tropics to the subarctic. They can be seasonal or year-round, fresh piss or salt weewee, organic or mineral. The one thing that all of them have in common is that for at least part of the year they are saturated with water. This saturation has a significant impact on the soils physics, chemistry, and biota. However, over the past ampere-second more than half of all the wetlands in the United States has been drained for agriculture and other uses such as construction. When the soils are drained the physics, chemistry, and biota are drastically changed. This paper is an attempt to describe the changes in artificially drained soils and to consider a few of the consequences of these changes. The physical properties of saturated soils vary somewhat from wetland to wetland but are characterized by certain process es. One is the interaction of the soil with the watertable. Three patterns of possible groundwater flow have been considered water could flow into the saturated areas from the surround area (discharge), reservation the saturated area the focal point water could flow through swamps because of local relief (flow-through) or water could flow from the saturated zone into surrounding areas (recharge) possibly due to differential water use by plant communities or pumping (Crownover et al, p. 1199). There can also be vertical exchange of water between the groundwater and saturated soil. For example, capillary effects pull water upward into the soil from the water table. Besides the vertical and horizontal flow of water, the area of the soil taken up by water is important.... ...ater flow patterns through a cypress swamp-pine flatwood landscape Soil Science Society of America Journal, 59, p. 1199-1206.Fausey, N.R., Brown, L.C., Belcher, H.W. and Kanwar, R.S., 1995, Drainage and water qual ity in the Great Lakes and cornbelt states Journal of Irrigation Drainage Engineering, 121, p.283-288.Leventhal, E., 1990, Alternative uses of wetlands other than conventional farming in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska EPA/171/R-92/006, 145 p.McBride, M. B., 1994, Environmental Chemistry of Soils in the buff York, Oxford University Press, 406 p.Mitsch, W.J. and Gosselink, J.G., Wetlands New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 537 p.Schipper, L.A., Harfoot, C.G., McFarlane, P.N., and Cooper, A.B., Anaerobic decomposition and denitrification during plant decomposition in an organic soil Journal of Environmental Quality, 23, p. 923-928.

History of Folk Music in America Essay -- Music History Research paper

History of Folk Music in America Hillbilly music grew out of the rich tradition of British septb totallyads, songs and hymns brought to North America by British settlers andthen adapted to the peculiar circumstances, e.g., biographical names, placenames, frontier concerns, of the North American wilderness. It isimportant to remember that all of the colonies were British, from Maine toGeorgia. The exact ethnic antecedents of the south are difficult to determineand not well documented. The rural south did not attract large numbers ofEuropean immigrants in the great period of immigration (1850-1920)however, it is certain that by 1920 there had been considerableintermingling of a few ethnic groups (English, Welsh, Scottish,Scotch-Irish, German, Czechoslovakian, native Indian and African). Likewise, the ethnic origin of the music of the southern region is complex. There were Irish jigs, English and Scottish ballads and folk songs, hymns,etc. However, as Malone (19854) suggests, the end result of the musical comedymelting rear end was a product more British than anything found in GreatBritain today. The 1790 census report indicates that the population of the UnitedStates was 60.1% English, 14% Scotch-Irish and 3% Irish. These threegroups make up 78% of the total population. The White Anglo-SaxonProtestant core culture dominated all of pre-Revolutionary America. However, for reasons we will examine later, the southern region produced awhite and a black musical tradition which were significantly different fromthe rest of the nation. The British folk ballad is at the heart of the southern musicaltradition. Three outstanding characteristics of the Briti... ...from theMiddle Ages, used a four, five or six note scale which did not fall withintradition study or minor scales. The tunes were almost chants which roseand fell in pitch - usually peaking at the middle of the song and thendiminishing. Instrumentation was usua lly non-existent and, when present,not very important to the song. In the U.S., harmony was much moreimportant. This probably results from the importance of gospel singing. SourcesMalone, Bill C. Country Music USA Fifty grade History. Austin University of Texas Press, 1985.Carr, Patrick (ed). The Illustrated History of Country Music. Garden City Doubleday, 1979.Roebuck, Julian B. and Mark Hickson. The Southern Redneck APhenomenological Class Study. New York Praeger Publishers, 1982.

Grapes Of Wrath - Characterization :: John Steinbeck and Robert Demott

Evidence/ Quotations from the Text"Winfield was breathless in his telling. So then they fit, an that thumping girl hit Ruthie a best one, an Ruthie said her brotherd kill that spoilt girls brother. An then- an then, Ruthie said our brother already kilt two fellas. An- an that big girl said, Oh yeah Youre jus a litlle smarty liar. An Ruthie said, Oh yeah? Well, our brothers a- hiding right now from killin a fella, an he fecal matter kill that big girls brother too" (456)."Muley continued, Well, sir, its a funny thing. Somepin went an happened to me when they tol me I had to take down off the place. .. Then all my ethnic music all went away out west. An I got wanderin aroun. Jus walkin aroun. Never went far. Slep where I was... Id tell myself, Im lookin after things so when all the folks come back itll be all right. But I knowed that want true. in that respect aint nothin to look after. The folks aint never comin back. Im jus wanderin aroun like a damn ol graveyard ghos" (54). abstract/ CommentaryAt the camp, Ruthie becomes engaged in an argument that leads to serious consequences. In an effort to preserve her Cracker Jacks, she threatens to call upon her brother, who has killed two men and is now in hiding. Ruthies revelation endangers Tom and forces him to abandon both his hideout and family. Ma, whose primary tendency has been to keep the family together, must bid another painful farewell.Through his speech, Muley reveals that he is dogged and refuses to accept the fact that things have changed. His home has been seized, and his family migrated to California, but he refuses to open the land. Muley roams the countryside alone, sleeping and eating like a wild animal.Evidence/ Quotations from the Text" pot shook his head. "No. Go on. Aint goin. Gonna res here. No good goin back. No good to nobody-jus a draggin my sins like dirty drawers mongst nice folks. No. Aint goin....Go ri long. I aint no good. I aint no good. Jus a-draggi n my sins, a-dirtyin everbody." (305)."For a minute Rose of Sharon sat soothe in the whispering barn. Then she hoisted her tired body up and drew the reliever about her. She moved slowly to the corner and stood looking down at the wasted face, into the wide, frightened eyes. Then slowly she lay down beside him.Grapes Of Wrath - Characterization John Steinbeck and Robert Demott Evidence/ Quotations from the Text"Winfield was breathless in his telling. So then they fit, an that big girl hit Ruthie a good one, an Ruthie said her brotherd kill that big girls brother. An then- an then, Ruthie said our brother already kilt two fellas. An- an that big girl said, Oh yeah Youre jus a litlle smarty liar. An Ruthie said, Oh yeah? Well, our brothers a- hiding right now from killin a fella, an he can kill that big girls brother too" (456)."Muley continued, Well, sir, its a funny thing. Somepin went an happened to me when they tol me I had to get off the place. .. Then all my folks all went away out west. An I got wanderin aroun. Jus walkin aroun. Never went far. Slep where I was... Id tell myself, Im lookin after things so when all the folks come back itll be all right. But I knowed that want true. There aint nothin to look after. The folks aint never comin back. Im jus wanderin aroun like a damn ol graveyard ghos" (54).Analysis/ CommentaryAt the camp, Ruthie becomes engaged in an argument that leads to serious consequences. In an effort to preserve her Cracker Jacks, she threatens to call upon her brother, who has killed two men and is now in hiding. Ruthies revelation endangers Tom and forces him to abandon both his hideout and family. Ma, whose primary goal has been to keep the family together, must bid another painful farewell.Through his speech, Muley reveals that he is stubborn and refuses to accept the fact that things have changed. His home has been seized, and his family migrated to California, but he refuses to leave the land. Muley ro ams the countryside alone, sleeping and eating like a wild animal.Evidence/ Quotations from the Text"John shook his head. "No. Go on. Aint goin. Gonna res here. No good goin back. No good to nobody-jus a draggin my sins like dirty drawers mongst nice folks. No. Aint goin....Go ri long. I aint no good. I aint no good. Jus a-draggin my sins, a-dirtyin everbody." (305)."For a minute Rose of Sharon sat still in the whispering barn. Then she hoisted her tired body up and drew the comfort about her. She moved slowly to the corner and stood looking down at the wasted face, into the wide, frightened eyes. Then slowly she lay down beside him.

Case Review :: Essays Papers

Case ReviewSituation AnalysisFrom our analysis, we were able to discover causes to the previous stated problems in the Parma plant. The causes of the problems appeared to be 1)Lack of Communication2)Conflict3) ailing Decision Making4)Organizational Change5)Job DesignCommunication is the process of sending and receiving messages with attached meanings. It appeared the new Shop Chairman did communicate efficaciously with Bill Marsh, Bob Lintz, or the salaried employees. The employees faced rumors of being closed, but specific plant closing details were not communicated to the employees. Conflict is whenever disagreements exist in a social situation over issues of substance or whenever emotional antagonisms create frictions between individuals or groups. The enormous list of demands, from the reigning Shop Chairman, was believed to ware created individual differences, conflict, tension, and threatened the openness of management and union leadership, even the openness of Bob Lintz and the hourly employees. Decision-making is the process of choosing a course of action for dealing with a problem or opportunity.Different management styles of the previous Shop Chairman and the reigning Shop Chairman were different. The former Shop Chairman utilized a teamwork approached. The reigning Shop Chairman appeared to make decisions for the good of the union without Parma management or employee feedback. Organizational Change is a group of people working in concert to achieve change. GM placed demands on Parma to change the organization as quickly and cost effectively as possible. GM promoted the reduction of salaried employees, expulsion of management layers, reduction of major benefits and bonus. Job Design is the process of defining job tasks and the work arrangements to accomplish them.

Using evidence from available research, describe and analyse the experi

For any individual prison tramp be a daunting and psychological challenge. Experiences can have lifelong effects and can often traumatise those incarcerated. However the experience minority ethnic prisoners face can be deemed divers(a). They can ferment victims of discrimination, racism violence and harassment all on the basis of their race, skin colour, or nationality. Scott and Codd (2010, P. 70) note that prisoners from certain believed culturally or biologically determined racial groups are understood as being genetically, intellectually or socially inferior beings, thus contributing to their own poverty of life experiences and criminal identity. Scott and Codd (2010) stir that the prison place racism is a key dimension of the expression of power, shaping prejudicial decisions, exclusionary practices and the physical manifestation of violence, bullying and intimidation. Scott and Codd (2010, P.70) put away that this penal terror goes even further for some, such as forei gn national prisoners, as it can exacerbate the structured pains of the prison itself. Jewkes and Johnston (2006, P.107) prime that prisoners from ethnic minority backgrounds have faced a long struggle in getting the Home Office and Prison Service to recognise their diverse cultural, religious and dietary needs. Jewkes and Johnston (2006) put forward that the UK prison nation has risen by 15,000 since New Labour came to power in 1997, and has doubled since Margaret Thatcher took military post in 1979. Inmates from ethnic minority backgrounds account for a large percentage of this figure. For example the white population increased by 36 per cent, Black population grew by 196 per cent, south Asian populations grew by 120 per cent and Chinese/other Asian... ...cial harassment to get their complaints investigated. Overcrowding enforced cell sharing and became a worry of poor management from governors. Gadd and Dixon (2010) announced that Keith (2006) produced 88 steps to rectif y these shortcomings. These included the following the end of enforced cell sharing, the implementation of risk assessment in decisions about cell allocation violent reduction strategy, Keith (2006) suggest this approach makes prisoners think they have let other prisoners down if they resort to violence on other inmates. Mental health screening and routine reviews on prisoners emotional well-being were also included (Gadd and Dixon 2010).ConclusionLooking at the work of Edgar (2007) his iv typologies of understanding racisms in prison can help give a broader acknowledgment of what BME groups face and experience when incarcerated.

Using evidence from available research, describe and analyse the experi

For any individual prison house can be a daunting and psychological challenge. Experiences can fill lifelong effects and can often traumatise those incarcerated. However the experience minority pagan prisoners face can be deemed diverse. They can become victims of discrimination, racialism violence and harassment all on the basis of their race, skin colour, or nationality. Scott and Codd (2010, P. 70) note that prisoners from certain believed culturally or biologically determined racial groups argon understood as being genetically, intellectually or socially inferior beings, thus contributing to their own poverty of life experiences and criminal identity. Scott and Codd (2010) state that the prison place racism is a key dimension of the expression of power, shaping prejudicial decisions, exclusionary practices and the physical manifestation of violence, bullying and intimidation. Scott and Codd (2010, P.70) put forward that this punishable terror goes even further for some, su ch as foreign national prisoners, as it can exacerbate the structured pains of the prison itself. Jewkes and Johnston (2006, P.107) found that prisoners from ethnic minority backgrounds have faced a long struggle in getting the Home Office and Prison Service to recognise their diverse cultural, unearthly and dietary needs. Jewkes and Johnston (2006) put forward that the UK prison population has risen by 15,000 since New Labour came to power in 1997, and has doubled since Margaret Thatcher took office in 1979. Inmates from ethnic minority backgrounds account for a large percentage of this figure. For example the white population increased by 36 per cent, Black population grew by 196 per cent, south Asian populations grew by 120 per cent and Chinese/ opposite Asian... ...cial harassment to get their complaints investigated. Overcrowding enforced cell sharing and became a problem of poor management from governors. Gadd and Dixon (2010) announced that Keith (2006) produced 88 ste ps to rectify these shortcomings. These included the following the end of enforced cell sharing, the implementation of risk assessment in decisions close to cell allocation violent reduction strategy, Keith (2006) suggest this approach makes prisoners think they have let other prisoners down if they resort to violence on other inmates. Mental health screening and routine reviews on prisoners emotional well-being were also included (Gadd and Dixon 2010).ConclusionLooking at the work of Edgar (2007) his four typologies of mind racisms in prison can help give a broader acknowledgment of what BME groups face and experience when incarcerated.

Zipcar Individual Case Brief

Zipcar Company is affected by several general environs factors including the following Sociocultural There is very soundly developed public transportation system available in the urban atomic number 18as and mint can easily get the mobility through public transportation. Easy price of admission to the public transportation affects Zipcars business to minimize its revenues. Economic Due to the high gas prices, it is not easy for the companies like Zipcar to compete in the grocery but the Zipcar can come up with hybrid cars to overcome this threat.Technological Zipcar has now its own application to select the cars and this application makes the process easy for the customers in selecting the right vehicle. Technology is helping the participation to better facilitate its customers. Zipcar company is attractive for the new entrants and the business has enough potential to kick in above comely realizes. Following argon the most important of five forces affecting the Zipcar busin ess Threat of new entrants Threat of new entrants is high for this company. There are galore(postnominal) other companies like Enterprise car rentals can also offer car sharing services.Threat of substitute products Zipacar is a unique business cast and the threat of substitute product is low because it needs a speculative business setup to establish business present similar to the Zipcar. Following are the two main companies that are in the competition with the Zipcar. Enterprise rent a car Enterprise rent a car is a big car rental business and if they start the car sharing service in the future so it will become more competitive for the Zipcar to commit above average revenue in the commercialize. Hertz car rental service Hertz car rental can be another address competing firm to the Zipcar.They are second largest in terms of fleet after Enterprise. Most important of the value chain factors are discussed in the following paragraph. merchandising and sales Are very important f actors that are important for the company. This business needs some proper marketing dodging to create awareness in the minds of the target audience. This factor is superior among the both competitors. Technological development It is important for the Zipcar is a company and the company can use new technology including impertinent phone applications to attract new customers. This factor is superior among both competitors.Zipcars net profit margin for 2012 was 5. 26 million as compare to Hertz profit margin of 2. 69 million. The company has a social responsibility of keeping the environment clean and Zipcar is adding environment friendly cars to its fleet to keep the environment clean. Zipcar company is aligned with the market trend and this is the major strength that is attracting more opportunities and limiting threats to the company. Due to the seasonal demand for the vehicles Zipcar experiences low return in certain months that limits the opportunities and enhances the threats. Zipcar is offer the service that is valuable and rare but it is not costly to imitate for big competitors and there are also substitutes available in the market with dinky modification in terms and conditions. The competitive advantage for Zipcar is temporary. Zipcars business level strategy is highly focused on differentiation and offering environment friendly products. Corporate level of the strategy is not that developed yet and the company is having slow growth due to the income only from one sector. The company had a merger with Flexcar in 2009 and they also made alliance with Avancar in Spain due to its cooperative strategy.Company has not given a good international strategy even though they are also processing in several other nations but they still need better business model to work internationally. Overall, the company has to work on the corporate level to compete both locally and internationally. Company is pursuing its business level strategy to win the market share. F irm needs to recruit more staff because there is a strong lack of customer service in their current business model and today, the companies with strong customer service are the one who has a big market share in the businesses.Most important 7s factors are following System Company has uniform working criteria everywhere they work. Staff Company works hard to boost the motivation of their employees. Skills By hiring the right people and continuous training procedure the company is having edge over other competitors. Q1 How the company takes care of its stakeholders as they are major part of the process to generate above average returns? Q2 What strategy does the company have to response to the hyper-competition?

Leadership Style and Its Impact on Employees

FACULITY OF GRADUATE STUDIES MBA PROGRAM THE BANK MANAGERS LEADERSHIP STYLE AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEES commerce organisation SATISFACTION IN THE SOUTH OF westward BANK BY AFNAN MOHAMMAD AMER ADVISOR DR. SHARIF ABUKARSH This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Master of Business nerve (MBA), College of Graduate Studies, Hebron University. 2009 1 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to express my appreciation to those who provided valuable advice and assistance during preparation of this thesis My appreciation to my Advisor Dr. Sharif Abukarsh for his focussing and support. And my appreciation to all the banking company anagers who allowed me to conduct the research in their branches My appreciation to every one helped me to make this piece of work completed.3 DECLARATION No serving of the work referred in this reflect has application qualification for to been submitted another this or as degree any or other university or institute of learning . 4 an DEDICATION This piece of work is dedicated to all my family members, especially to the great father I have, to my precious mother, my best friend Akram, and my lovely kids zaid, Sanad, Manar and mohammad, for their patience and supporting. To them and to everyone who participated, helped, and encourage me o complete this work, I dedicate this thesis 5ABSTRACT THE BANK MANAGERS LEADERSHIP STYLE AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEES JOB SATISFACTION IN THE SOUTH OF WEST BANK telephone line satisfaction is one of the most important human resource-related outcomes, Further organizations that have much comfortable employees are likely to be more productive and profitable. Among de marchesinants of job satisfaction, attractors is take ined as an important prognosticator and plays a central role. This study recognizes the types of the existing cashbox motorcoachs loss leadership style in gray part of due west rim and its impact on employees job satisfaction from the view oint of its employees. All the employees of (20) assert branches in the gray part of air jacket Bank which are (390) employees, were the target population of the research. The researcher developed one questionnaire used as a primary source consists of of three collecting main data, split the this first questionnaire part contained questions rough the employees demographic variables, the second part is just about the indicators of the current leadership styles of the Bank managers in the southern part of West Bank and the third part is a bout the job satisfaction of the Bank employees. One hundred distributed employees in to twenty a the three tratified Banks of questionnaires systematic southern 6 part have sample of of West been the Bank. Eighty nine questionnaires were returned which make the respondents rate (72. 4%). The results of the research highlighted a strong positive human relationship between democratic leadership style and employees job satisfaction, a slightly weak posi tive relationship employees between job autocratic satisfaction and leadership a strong style and negative relationship between the laissez fair leadership style and employees job satisfaction.7 CHAPTER ONE THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND 1. 1 invention Job human satisfaction is resource-related ften-studied topic the one outcomes, in of the and most important perhaps management and the most industrial psychology. Further, organizations that have more satisfied employees are likely to be more productive and profitable. Job satisfaction, characteristics likely such result as customer low together and in with environmental other turnover satisfaction, other characteristics, organizationally reduced positive valued absenteeism and organizational job satisfaction, job ordain outcomes productivity, effectiveness. (kim 2004) Among determinants of leadership is viewed as an important predictor and plays a central role. Leadership is management function, which is mostly directed towards pe ople and social interaction, as well as the process of influencing people so that they give achieve the goals of the organization (Rad and Yarmohammadian, 2004).By using appropriate leadership styles, managers can affect employee job satisfaction, commitment and productivity. Leadership style can be viewed as a series of managerial attitudes, behaviors, characteristics and skills based on individual and organizational values, leadership interests 8 and reli skill of employees in different situations (Mosadeghrad, 2003). And because of the historical development of the Banking ector in paradise which was, initially, marked by weakness and deformity in its structure and activities due to the political circumstances that nirvana went through. Apparently, at that place was an immense need for building a strong Banking system able to meet the economical and financial requirements of promised land. And this strong Banking system mainly depends on the human force that like any busines s must be satisfied previously in mentioned, the work employees place. job And as it was satisfaction is affected mostly by the managers leadership style. (Parker, 2003) 1. 2 The trope of the Study Independent variables Dependent variableManagers Leadership style Job satisfaction Autocratic style antiauthoritarian style Laissez-fair style Employees demographic variables Sex schoolman qualification Salary Hierarchy level Moderator variables 9 F igure 1. 1 Conceptual framework There is one independent variable managers leadership style, which exit affect the dependent variable employees job satisfaction. There are three leadership style indicators (autocratic, democratic, laissez fair), In addition, there are four moderator variables employees sex, their academic qualification, salary, and power structure level, that will affect the strength of the relation etween the dependent and independent variables. (Kenny, 1986) 1. 6 Objectives of the Study This study aims to accomplis h the following objectives 1. To explore the leadership styles of Bank mangers in southern part of West Bank. 2. To identify the best style achieving of high level job satisfaction that to be recommended and followed. 3. To explore the impact of sex, academic qualification, salary, hierarchy level, in determining the job satisfaction of the south West Bank employees. 4. To explore the level of job satisfaction of employees in south West Bank Banks. 1.3 Statement of the Problem Most of the clip the success or failure f any business in general and Banking in particular is contumacious by the efforts and by the hard work done by its human workforce. And since one of the important factors influencing the employees activities and job satisfaction is the leadership style of their managers, a study of the 10 leadership style of the Bank managers and its relation with the employees satisfaction is essential for these managers to identify their styles and its impact on their employees per formance, which will directly affect the Banking performance, with all its implications on the Palestinian scrimping. In order to accomplish the main objective of this study, nswers to the following specific sub- troubles are sought 1. What are the primary leadership styles of the Bank managers from the view point of its employees in southern part of West Bank? 2. What are the most remarkable characteristics of these styles from the view point of the employees? 3. What is the employees job satisfaction level in southern part of West Bank? 4. What are the most remarkable characteristics of the employees job satisfaction in southern part of West Bank?5. Is there a clear relationship between Bank managers leadership style and the employees job satisfaction in southern part of West Bank? . Is there a particular sub items in managers leadership style or styles that result in the highest job satisfaction for the employees in southern part of West Bank? 1. 4 Null Hypothesis Based on the p roblem statement mentioned above, the research hypotheses for this study are as follows 11 1. There is no substantial relationship between the leadership style of the Bank managers and the job satisfaction of its employees in southern part of West Bank. 2. There is no significant difference in the level of job satisfaction demographic of Bank employees variables (sex, in relation academic to the qualification, alary, hierarchy level). 1. 5 Significance of the Study Job satisfaction is an essential aspect of the human resource- related outcomes. And because of its significance in an organization, job satisfaction is perhaps the most often-studied topic in management and in industrial psychology (Kim 2004). And since job satisfaction is highly affected by managers leadership style.The significance of this study is underlined as this study is the first in Palestine according to the knowledge of the researcher done in the Banking sector The importance development of of this Banking stud y sector, lies and in its studying mpact on the factors that may improve or hinder employees job satisfaction. On the customers level, the more employees satisfaction, means the insurance of a better service, from one hand, and on the other hand , the well being of the Banking employees will have its clear effect on the Banking sector success,12 which the customer will directly feel as a success in major economy key player. The results of this research will highlight the effect of management style on the job satisfaction, which will be an additional contribution to the national belles-lettres that will help in a better planning for future developmental lans of the Banking sector in Palestine. 1. 7 Scope and Limitation of the Study The time scope the time of the research from January, 2008 to March, 2009. The place scope The research will be composed of all the Palestinian Banks in the southern part of West Bank (Hebron, Bethlehem, Betjalah). Human scope all the employees of the Pal estinian Banks in the southern part of West Bank will be the population of the research. Limitations of the study 1. more or less of the subordinates did not have time to fill the questionnaire in due time, and because of that it took the researcher more than planned to collect the data. 2.Some of the branch managers were reluctant or refused to cooperate, due to the contradiction of the excepted results of the study with their interests. 13 Banks framework table 1. 1 The working Banks in Palestine according to Palestinian Monetary Authority. Bank number Bank chassis 1 Arabic Bank 2 Cairo Amman Bank 3 Alquds Bank for Development and Investment 4 Palestine Islamic Bank 5 Arab Islamic Bank 6 Palestine Investment Bank 7 Bank of Jordan 8 The Housing Bank for Trade and Finance 9 Jordan Ahli Bank 10 Egyptian Arab land Bank 11 Bank of Palestine PLC 12 Al Rafah Microfinance Bank 13 Commercial Bank of Palestine 4 Palestine International Bank 15 Al-Aqsa Islamic Bank16 Arab Palestinian Inve stment Bank 17 Jordan Commercial Bank 18 Jordan-Kuwait Bank 14 Bank number Bank name 19 Union Bank for Savings 20 HSBC Bank Middle East Limited 21 monger Bank of Development and Agricultural Source(Palestinian Monetary Authority web site (http//www. pmapalestine. org) 15 1. 8 Definition of Terms Bank a commercial insane asylum that keeps money in accounts for individuals or organizations, makes loans, exchanges currencies, provides credit to businesses, and offers other financial services. (Macesich, 2000) Bank manager manager of branch office of a Bank. (Macesich, 2000, p. 80) Leadership ultimately about creating a way for people to contribute to making something extraordinary happen (Kouzes and Posner 2007) Autocratic leadership style A leadership style where the leader solves the himself/herself problem using the or makes information the last available at by the time.(Richard and Robert, 2009) Democratic leadership characterized by group style a style society in of leadership decision-making where the leader shares the problem with the relevant team members as a group. (Parker, 2003) Laissez fair leadership style It s one in which the manager provides little or no direction and gives employees as much freedom as possible. All authority or power is given to the employees and they must specialise goals, make decisions, and resolve problems on their own. (Richard and Robert, 2009) Job satisfaction and an attitude (Cranny, 2002) 16 towards ones job First line supervision manager of a An middle individual manager who and is works under the responsible for managing the daily activities of a group of workers (Abas, 2003) Southern Part of West Bank Bethlehem, Betjala and Hebron 17 CHAPTER ii REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ANDSTUDIES This chapter international studies includes about literature, the topic of local the and research, which is collected by reviewing different books and studies from different university libraries. The chapter has two parts the first is about literature of leadership style and job satisfaction, whereas the second is about international and local studies related to the topic of the research. 2. 1 Literature Review of the Leadership ardour In this part, the literature and theoretical framework about the leadership style is provided. 2. 1. 1 Leadership Concept In a competitive and quickly changing business nvironment, the effective leadership blends one of the most critical needs and requirements (Pierce and Newstrom, 1995). Leaders need to hold visions, values, assumptions and paradigms that are oriented, empowered in agreement workforce successful. (Kotter, 1990) 18 in with having order to a team- be most Many researchers have defined leadership (Specrtum, 1999) defined leadership as the ability to cultivate others to achieve a specific goals and objects. Another definition influencing a of leadership is of persons achieve group to the process the of required goals of an organization. (Shachleton, 1995) There are some asic elements specify the concept of leadership, which are 1. The existence of a group of people working in a certain organization. 2. The existence of a leader from the group who got the ability to turn their actions. 3. The existence of a specific object to obtain. (Kanan, 2002) The ends of leadership involve getting results through others and the means of leadership involve the ability to build goal-oriented teams. (Richard and Robert, 2009) eventually the researcher defines the leadership as the ability to exploit a group of people or a community to achieve specific goals. 2. 1. 2. Sources of Leadership persuasiveness Where does the leaders power come from?Do leaders have it? Or do followers give it them? As we shall see the answer may be both. (Richard and Robert, 2009, p. 138) 19 The sources of leadership that gives the power and authority to a leader are Parker, 2003) Expert power Is the power of knowledge, some people are able to influence others through the ir relative expertise in particular area. Referent power refers to the potential influence one has due to the strength of the relationship between the leader and the follower. Legitimate power is based on the official authority that a person got in the organizational structure Reward power involves the potential to influence others due to ones control over desired resources like the power to give raises or promotions. Coercive power the opposite or reward power, is based on expectations of punishment for not doing the expected duties and work. 2. 1. 3 Types of Leadership Leadership style is an approach of giving direction, motivating people and implementing plans. As there are numerous leaders, there are different leadership styles. A good leader uses the right leadership style according to the situation.There are three types of leadership styles that quit in terms of decision making (Nathant, 2007) . Autocratic style 20 2. Democratic style 3. Laissez-fair style 1. Autocratic L eadership The autocratic style is characterized by maximum control by the leader on the group members (Bernhard & Walsh, 1990) This leadership style is based on the notion that enlisting people in decision making processes encumbers the efficient running of a business. (Zowelif, 1996) Autocratic leadership goes beyond decision making it involves attempts to dominate or force values and opinions on followers. The dominant use of economic values should relate to autocratic leadership. Because they are supported in their decisions by the strong logic of efficiency these executives have confidence in their own decisions and feel less need to involve subordinates in the decision-making process. Subordinates may perceive these leaders as dominating and likely to force their values and opinions on others, tell others what to do, and make decisions in an overbearing way (Nathant, 2007). Autocratic leadership is best applied to situations where there is little time for group decision-making or where the leader is the most knowledgeable member of the group. (Berson and Linton, 2005) This leadership style surly has some major drawbacks, which are 21 1.Increased workload for the manager By taking on as much responsibility and involvement as possible, an autocratic leader naturally works at their full capacity, which can lead to long term stress and health problems and could damage working relationships with colleagues. 2. People dislike being ordered around, they also dislike being shown very little trust and faith. 3. Teams become dependent upon their leader After becoming conditioned to receive orders and act upon them perfectly, workers lose initiative and the confidence to make decisions on their own. This results in teams of workers who become unsatisfying at running operations if hey loose contact with their leader. (Rad, 2004) In summary, an autocratic leader retains full authority, responsibility, and is concerned primarily with task and goal accomplishment and he/she uses one way communication pattern with the group. A leader using this style displays little trust and confidence in employees who generally fear their leader. 2. Democratic Leadership Democratic promotes the Leadership sharing of is the leadership responsibility, the style that exercise of delegation and continual consultation. The democratic leader acts as a part of the team, he/she receives the employees thought and suggestions with respect

Ethical Considerations for Teachers Essay

Ethics and its essential considerations are fundamentals of human nature. Just like in each field of profession, the principles behind ethics are of undeniable significance to the educational setting. This is basic onlyy due to the concept that the hearers and the rest of teaching lords are the ones who influence the thoughts, set and even conducts of the young ones. Such condition creates an enormous responsibility for teachers to ideally shape the future members of the society hence it is expected of them to correctly practice what they teach or preach.Beyond the theories, ethical considerations are of utmost importance in the make outance of the teaching profession. It is essential to carry out ethical ideas in courtesy that are practically acceptable to human attributes. Teachers are required to impart moral principles to their school-age childs. However, it will always be the educators innate characters and individual behavior which crack the difference in eventually pro ducing respected or morally upright persons. In order to come up with an ideal educational system, therefore, it is vital not to just adhere but alike live up to necessary ethical considerations.In an educational setting, members of the larn organization particularly teachers are vatical follow or exercise specific ethical considerations. This is because there is a constant struggle between a teachers personal bet and professional commitment. Citing May (1990), this situation was emphasized by Smith (1996) who said that teachers are always susceptible to their respective concern as well as dedication to live up and maintain the dignity of the academic field.In effect, such conflicts have resulted into relevant ethical dilemmas that have inevitable implications to other learning professionals, the students and ones mandate to the teaching career (Smith, 1996). In order to address, if not resolve the issue, Smith mentioned the suggestions made by May. That is, there is a requirem ent to recognize and even reiterate significant ethical considerations which teachers are responsible of. These include the sincere manifestation of respect for any colleague or student as an individual.Truthful communication and encouraging others confidence are also the needed ethical considerations. Most importantly, it is fundamental for teachers to help create just and condole with cultural and social structures that uphold the benefit of all people within the educational organization (Smith, 1996). To carry out such ethical considerations, teachers are also required to perform several standards of professional communication. It is required for teachers to help their respective organizations to achieve their academic goals.Educators also need to exert additional efforts for the respective professional and individual enhancements of their colleagues and students. The ethical consideration of professional interaction likewise calls for teachers kindness as well as comprehensive and reasonable evaluation of functions of students and co-teachers. Lastly, teachers need to perform their roles in manners that support and even exceed the principles of ethical considerations (Smith, 1996).When the said ethical considerations are incorporated on existing educational policies, students will be completely empowered and provided with ideal instructional materials thus preventing teachers from providing documents outside the required curriculum. Students will also be assured of a teachers front resulting to better education. The carrying out of examinations and making of grades will happen in ways beneficial both to teachers and students. In doing all these considerations, the educational setting is sure to illustrate a successful professional condition and effective relationship between teachers and students (Smith, 1996).Similar to any other professions, ethical considerations are of extreme relevance to the educational environment. Therefore, it is empirical to r ealize the individual behavior of teachers. This is due to the underlying principle that what teachers do and how such activities are performed are sure to ultimately affect all the people within the educational setting.ReferenceSmith, R. M. (1996). Essential ethical considerations in education. Retrieved February 6, 2009, from http//findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_qa3673/is_n1_v117/ai_n28677142/pg_4? tag=contentcol1

Saptivating other sports like Chess, Boxing, and Badminton Essay

By Anjana MazumdarI have sweet and beautiful dreams of my farming. I am a resident of India. She is my beloved motherland. I am proud of being an Indian. I call that my country may rise to a great nation. She should help her neighbours and may give them the message of peace. I concupiscence that my country should arrest militarily strong and be fully prepared in this nuclear age for defense. I entreat that no foreign country may dare attack again, like the plundering raids of the old times. We should try to live undisturbedly with our neighbours. But we should not lack in our security in the name of peace. Hence, I neediness she should become first rate world power in terms of military strength. I wish that my country should become a messenger for peace in the world Indias great culture and civilization had once spread in the far corners of the world. I wish that she should send her cultural envoys once again to spread the ancient Indian culture.I wish that India should lead t he world in the field of spiritualism. I wish that our saints and seers must once again start towards the distant lands to spread our great and glorious culture. I wish that there would be no illiterate mortal in India of my dream, wish that India should introduce such system of education as should enable every citizen to earn his or her living. I wish that my government should discipline each citizen. Adult education, female education and auction of children should be made compulsory. I wish that India should become a highly industrialized nation. She should start bungalow industries in villages and heavy industries in cities. I wish that our country should make great progress in science.India should make use of atomic energy for peaceful purposes. India should send rockets to the space and should advance in the field of science and make her own military requirements. We should establish big factories to produce all sorts of machines. I wish that in India there should be no poor person. As Gandhiji said, we have to wipe away every tear from every eye. Freedom becomes important only if we help the poor folk to rise in prosperity. I would like to see India a great nation in the world. These are my dreams roughly the would be India.View as multi-pages

Symbolism – “My Antonia”

Literary device Symbolism Symbolism is the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities typic meaning attributed to natural objects or facts. There seemed to be nothing to see no fences, no creeks or trees, no hills or fields. If there was a road, I could not make it out in the faint starlight. There was nothing but land not a country at all, but the secular out of which countries are made (10). In all that country it was the spot most dear to me because when all of the land has been cleared for farming, this island where two roads put up is the only place where the tall prairie grass still grows undisturbed (62). Even while we whispered about it, our vision disappeared the ball dropped and dropped until the red tip went downstairs the earth. The fields below us were dark, the sky was growing pale, and that forgotten plough had sunk back to its own littleness somewhere on the prairie (50-51). Willa Cather My Antonia In the book, My Antonia, Jim heart and soul finds himself an orphan leaving his beloved home to a new, stranger place. When he first arrives he observes the country and how different the surroundings are. Throughout the story Jim at last settles in and has a new friend, Antonia. Many things happen and soon we are mourning over the death of Mr.Shimerda. His death was a big event and cause Antonia and her family. Her family was forced to work three times harder to keep themselves alive. As you transition into book two, more conflicts are invited and new symbols. There are three chief(prenominal) types of symbolism that are appealing to the eye. The first name uses the prairie as a symbol of Jims friendship with Antonia during his childhood. It may also symbolize the immigrants and the vast surface of the prairie. Which may suggest both the opportunity for a new life and the overwhelming fear that goes with trying to create a new life.The third quote is usually missed as a sign of symbolism. The gravesite is a remnant of the prairie in its purest form, and it symbolizes Antonias and Jims longing for the past. It is also unwelcoming and thesky cries as if in sorrow, and the elements in the new land are not friendly, just as they have not been welcoming toMr. Shimerda (61). In the final quote the symbol is the plough. It symbolizes creations beautiful and harmonious connection to the land. The imagery suggests Jims impending separation from Antonia and while Antonia remains on the prairie, Jim leaves for good. Willa Cather uses many examples of symbolism.The lighting is one that is seen in many books, such as Of Mice and Men and more. A vivid description of light shows every major change that occurs in the novel. For example, at the end of the novel, afterwards Jim leaves Antonia for the last time, he stands alone on the prairie roads in the slanting sunlight and reflects on the incommunicable past he shared with Antonia. The light from the sun is set and at this time Cather uses the light to show the ending to Jim and Antonias relationship. Symbolism in this novel is important in deciding the lives, actions, and moods of the characters.

Police Abuse Essay

practice of law savageness is the excessive, unreasonable work of index against citizens, suspects, and offenders. A study showed that most citizens complained against police officers beca usage of the use of profanity and abusive language towards them, the use of commands to move on or get home, stopping and questioning people on the street or searching them and their cars without probable cause, the use of threats to use force if not ob pushionatenessd, prodding with a nightstick or approaching with a pistol, and actual use of physical force or violence itself for no reason at all. Police brutality causes a lack of communication between minority groups and the police department and a lack of trust because of previous run-ins with brutality.In some cases police brutality runs over into an officers face-to-face life as well. at that coiffure devote been several cases where an officer is arrested due to domestic violence and leads to an investigation of their work life. Most of the measure there are cover ups, when domestic disputes occur so that the department does not get negative coverage if the incident was to get out, (2002, November). Ethics are considered a structure for most departments in the unify States.There are several bad apples that get greedy and are cocky at times and think that they cannot be touched if they do wrong. Police departments virtually the U.S. bring in several issues with corruption, misconduct, and brutality. Most ofthe time these issues are covered up so that, these officers do not give the departments bad names and people do not trust them and they, are having more crime on their hands instead of defeating the crime. In recent years, police actions, in particular police call has survey into view of a wide, public and critical eye. era citizens worry about protecting themselves from criminals, it has now been shown that they must also keep a watchful eye on those who are betd to protect and serve.This paper pas s on discuss the types of police offense prevalent today, including the use of firearms and recovery of private information. I will also discuss what and how citizens rights are taken advantage of by the police. Some measures necessary to protect ourselves from police taking advantage of their positions as law enforcement officers with great permissive rights than private citizens. All citizens must take affirmative actions from physical brutality, rights violations, and information maltreatment. Members of the police force are government officials who enforce the law and restrain order. They are engaged in dangerous and stressful occupation that can involve violent situations that must be controlled. In many of these confrontations with the public it whitethorn become necessary for the police to administer force in order to take control of the situation.As unfortunate as it may seem however, police officers are injuring and even killing people through the use of excessive force and brutal treatment. In regard to police abuse, there will be many officers who feel that their job of campaigning escalating street crime, gangs, narcotics violations, and other violent crimes is difficult already, to much(prenominal) an extent that worrying about excessive policy for abuse behavior will all further decrease their ability to fight crime effectively, efficiently, and safely.This abuse must be monitored so that police do not forget who they are serving not themselves, but the public. This means that even the criminals, who are a part of the public, have certain rights, accurately identified as civil rights. One of the main police abuse problems is physical brutality. I think that there should be some kind of written policy that would take a hop physical force to the narrowest possible range of specific situations. For example, there should be limitations on the use of hand to hand combat, batons, mace, stunguns and firearms.However, limiting policies actions wi ll bear much debate, especially from police officers and administrators themselves. Many feel that their firepower is already too weak to battle the weapons that criminals have out on the streets, thus limiting their right of gun use will not only endanger them, but the innocent bystanders who must endure the hierarchy gun power creates in the eudaemonia of criminals. In simple terms, corruption in policing is usually viewed as the misuse of authority by a police officer acting to fulfill personal needs or wants. For a corrupt act to occur, three distinct elements of police corruption must be present simultaneously ill-usage of authority, Misuse of official capacity, Misuse of personal attainment, (Kornblum 1976 p 71).It has been said that power inevitably leads to corruption, and it is yet to be recognized that , while there is no reason to suppose that policemen as individuals are any less fallible than other members of society, people are often shocked and outraged when polic emen are exposed to violating the law. Not only should officers use brutality in very limited situations, I think that it would help requiring officers to file a written report after any use of physical force, regardless of how seemingly insignificant. Although, if every incidence of police abuse was requested to be reported, how many actually would be? Maybe only those unplayful enough, as depicted in new guidelines, would make it, leaving some space for officers to exert pressure without crossing serious and abusive policy. Another veracious tactic to control police brutality is to establish a system to identify officers who have been involved in an inordinate number of incidents that include the improper use of physical force.The incidents should then be investigated. For those offices who are frequently involved in unnecessary police brutality, they should be charged, disciplined, re-trained, and offered counseling. If such treatment proves ineffective, officers who violate ab use standards should be brought up on review before an administrative board made up of citizens and police officials. Officers will most likely ask, Is identifying abusive officers aform of prejudice? The police officer is there to serve and protect the public who pays his or her salary. The officer should then be subject to any investigations into his or her abusive actions on the job.Yet even if internal policy and external government supervision is successful, it is difficult to say how the ethics of police officers will affect abuse policy as they are based on personal background and upbringing that have little to do with the issue at hand. While there are specific solutions to brutality and rights abuse, there are also some general solutions that could be implemented before the problems even arise. For example, there should be changes in police officer training. Some communities have demanded their officers receive higher education. However, there is no proof that well-educated officers rely less on abuse and more on departmentally sound investigation techniques.The length of training of police personnel should be increased, as has been the recent trend throughout the years. The mediocre length of police academy programs has more than doubled, from about 300, to over 600 hours in some cities, 900 up to even 1200 hours has become the new rule. (Silverman 1999 p 124) As the time devoted to training has increased, the institutions should also stress the importance of the growing trends in criminal activity so that they are prepared to deal with them. These include such areas as race relations, domestic violence, handling the mentally ill, and so on.This will, in turn, enable operations run more smoothly, hopefully avoiding police abuse problems in the future. Methods must be implemented which effectively deal with police who tend to cross the line, from simple situations to serious firearm use or prejudice. Some of the solutions, particularly the policy cha nges, will be met with controversy and will be difficult to implement. Keeping track of police actions is the next step in self-protection. There have been thousands of reported incidents of police misconduct in the countless cities throughout the nation, and probably thousands more that transpire without any mention. Law enforcement officers in the United States have been grant powerful authority to assist them in serving and protecting the people of this country.Many of them use their authority to uphold their duties with honor andintegrity. However, the abuses of these powers are taking place with more and more frequency. The police scandals that have surfaced within the past decade have been multiplying. If drastic measures are not taken to restore the integrity of the United States Law Enforcement, chaos will permeate throughout the nation. As citizens begin to lose their trust for law enforcement, they will gradually lose their trust in the system.While the threat of a world war has diminished, the violence on the streets across America has increased at a dramatic rate. Police are forced to face this violence and are sometimes caught up in the same violent and abusive cycle whole trying to fight it. Citizens realize that there are limits as to what a police officer can do. To make society a safe place for both citizens and officers, it is exigent that they work together for a comprehensive checks and balances system.The United States Constitution guarantees certain rights for everyone, and is the very backbone of this country. If these rights are to be ignored, either through permissive laws enacted by law enforcement against private citizens, or through a lack of maintenance of existing protective legislation, private citizens which means the entire country, will become paralyzed. Because of this, the prospect and freedom which this country is built on must be enforced, and those charged with doing so must not abuse their power.References(2002, Decem ber) Police Corruption, http//www.iejs.com/policing word-slash-wordpolice_corruption.htm(2002, November) Addressing police misconduct, http//www.usdoj.gov(2002, November) Police brutality the cop crimes homepage for law enforcement and governmentcorruption, http//www.copcrimes.comword-slashwordhomepage.htmAlpert, Geoffrey P., Dunham Roger G. Police Use of Deadly Force. Washington D.C. PoliceExecutive Research Forum, 1995.Chevigny, Paul. Police Power. Toronto Random House, 1994.Cohen, Henry. Brutal Justice. New York joke Jay Press, 1980.Kornblum, Alan N. The Moral Hazards. New York D.C. Heath, 1976.Silverman, Eli B. NYPD Battles Crime. Boston Northeastern Univ. Press, 1999.

Modern Times Essay

Discuss the standard of one of the following themes in raw multiplication industrialization, reach, gender. In 500 words your critique of Modern Times must describe and comment upon specific scenes in the film. Charlie Chaplins film Modern Times is, in itself, a discussion of progress and of modern-dayism. It is set in the 1930s, a time of great switch over and great struggle due to industrialism and unemployment. The film enraptures its time period in a light-hearted fashion that examines both(prenominal) the positive and negative effects of modernity, ultimately answering whether progress through bolshie or doldrums exclusive of cost is better, with modernity in its most pure form. The film damns modernism for the way it destroys our cultures and traditions, only revels in the abolition of such ridiculous dreams. Chaplin characterizes Industrialism as a activatement that although is designed to speed up production and efficiency, as a byproduct, causes people harm.This is shown in 2205 and 2855 where, due to unemployment caused by industrialism, the American family is torn apart. This is a prominent theme that continues throughout the movie, as the little Tramp and the flyer are both victims of unemployment and the destruction of their homes. However, Chaplin then goes to make sportswoman of the American Dream and social clubs goals in scenes 5507 and 3150 respectively. In 5507 the rickety, worn down house that the Gamine and the puny Tramp find symbolize the fragility and downright silliness of the American Dream as it breaks and crumbles chthonic them. It also teases the upper kinsperson in 3150 with the absurdity of starving yourself for social status. It isnt till 11015 that Chaplin starts to takes a stance on whether change is worth the loss when it is revealed that the Gamine has secured a job for both herself and the Little Tramp. The reversal of gender roles was revolutionary and completely overshadows the thorough deconstruction of th e American Dream of which they had held so dear in 5507 and 4314.The deduction being that ultimately, progress is for the greater good. The film goes beyond that, nonetheless, stating that society is not heading towards true progress and is getting held rearward by its own sense of evolution through Industrialism. Chaplin continuously makes fun of the legal system, upper class society, and in particular, industrialization. These themes stand for societys goals and through that, their idea of progress. Chaplin subverts this view by making fun of just how ridiculous all these things are. For instance, machines are shown to actually attack people inthe scene runner at 810 and Chaplins character is shown literally fending off the outbreaks of a machine gone(a) rogue in 10236. They show no progress and only serve to limit society as all these things have a negative impact on the movies characters.For instance, any attempts made by the Little Tramp to join the movement of Industrialism ends in prison, which, ironically is one of the two ways to trip out societys pressures and goals. The only other way that the Gamine and the Little Tramp are able to move on in a state of freedom and continue their lives, i.e. progress, is by escaping from society and starting again, effectively abandoning everything that they held precious. Chaplin states that the way to enlightenment is to leave everything that connects you to society. In conclusion, Chaplin advocates the very extreme of futurist modernity in modern times by stating that change is good and that the only way we can truly progress is by forsaking everything.

A Black Man’s Tribute to His White Mother Essay

crowd McBride, has a own(prenominal) fraction in its origin that is carried throughout the text. The cause attempted to discern his bleed, and uncovered the touching story of his Jewish dumbfound who experienced her own personal Diaspora she immigrated from Poland to Virginia, and from Virginia to New York City. The latter move took much courage, because she had to abandon both her faith and her family in order to occur her heart, ultimately marrying the titular black homophile and founding a lasting family.The aforementioned personal element really helps carry the narrative forward James McBride wishes to tell apart his own story, but realizes that he cannot tell his own without telling his mothers. Intentionally or not, this grazes quite well on a meta-textual level, as it reinforces how tightly tethered his family is to one another, which serves as an extreme counterpoint to her other family (indeed, her other life) that she unexpended behind in Virginia.See to a great er extent Homelessness as a social problem EssayThe work also serves to broker a much-needed (then, as much as now) discussion regarding racial division inwardly the States. A neutral observer might view the subtitle of the work and ask why black market is so important to the narrative as McBride illustrates, one cannot discuss this particular tale of immigration, life, and success in the context of America without discussing the racism that permeated the countryhow, even in the shadow of civil rights triumphs, many proverb race as an excuse to divide, as opposed to an opportunity to come together.Despite the rather terrible premise, the word of honor ultimately comes across as more uplifting than depressing. The memoirs of times when race relations argon so bad also serve to make one grateful that present day America is much more tolerable regarding matters of race (though not, of course, perfect). McBride cleverly embeds this idea in the very title of his work, implying that the comment of watertranspargonnt claritycan only come through a mixture of race as opposed to segregation.The notion of reconciliation within the work is not limited to matters of race the epilogue of the story features McBride becoming more in touch with his Jewish heritage, effectively bringing the journey of his mother full circle as she had to leave Judaism behind in order to forge a impudent life and a new identity, James McBride has to re-discover it as a way of determining his own identity. end-to-end the work, there is an undercurrent of the importance of education. The text emphasizes that all twelve of Ruth McBrides children cash in ones chips college-educated, and readers ascertain every bump along the way as she tries to get them through college.However, even while recital about these economic difficulties (a relatively touchy subject in the shadow of near economic collapse), readers be offered a glimpse of hope the work alternates chapters written by James and ch apters written by his mother, so even as the narrative makes one concerned for how the children will turn out, the gripping narrative of James reminds audiences that they will turn out just fine. In a way, that is the pattern of this book latent hostility and release, tension and releasethe tension of Ruths struggle with her old family, and the release of the success with her new family. on that point is the tension of financial hardships and the release of financial success. And in a story that is essentially about the American dream, tension comes from the possibility that America may not be ready for Ruths dream. In turn, the release is the joy of Ruth not settling for the American dream rather, she creates and actualizes her own. The Gentle People A Portrait of the Amish by James Warner provides an intimate look into a group that is still a arcanum to many Americans the Amish.True to its word, the book is primarily comprised of photographs of the Amish that ar artificially mad e to look like washed-out, stager photos. These are usually accompanied by a biblical verse, so one is able to more worthyly get into the Amish mindset. The old versus combined with the old-timey feel of the photographs really gives a feeling that one has become unstuck in time, as Vonnegut might say. Would-be sociologists will find this book to be a treasure trove of information regarding Amish society, particularly regarding relationships.According to the book, public affection between married individuals is highly frowned upon by Amish society, as their affection for one another is too sacred to be shared with outsiders. As should not be surprising, many of the ideas are founded in Christian writings and countenance been espoused by Christian writers, though the Amish take things to their logical extreme John Donne, for instance, counseled lovers not to weep at their beloveds funeral, because the affection was too valuable to share with outsiders.The Amish have taken Donnes ad vice about love subsequently death and have applied it to love during life, which can be something of a shock when one offshoot reads about it. Of course, modern day feminists will find much within the book that is upsetting to their cause. The Amish have taken Ephesians to heart, and strictly expect wives to submit to their husbands in all matters. There are even limits to how much children can be exposed to the school system, with the assumption that only God can provide wisdom, and everything else is foolishness. go these are basic precepts for Mormons and taken for granted in their society, it is jarring for onlookers (particularly liberal onlookers) to first see the moment of restrictions that are placed on people and expressions. Fortunately, the author has a built in ethos James Warner was innate(p) to a Mennonite household, so he has quite a bit of background regarding this issue. However, that is what makes the book disappointing on several levels it does not concern its elf with any deep revelations about Amish history, and does not serve well as an introduction to the Amish lifestyle simply because no historical context is offered.The book and its photos are put onward as a kind of slice of life view of the Amishhowever, considering that it was first printed over four decades past (and was arguably offering out-of-date content even back then), the work struggles to find a proper audience in the modern day. After all, it is not a book for the Amish its pictures and passages are simply spare for them, and more conservative Amish may even consider its author something of a traitora man who abandoned their private lifestyle, only to make a profit by publically invading that privacy.The book is also not intended for those wanting to fully learn about the Amish as elaborated on above, it does not delve into their history, and offers no context for the actions taken by the Amish. The ideal audience for this book, interestingly enough, would be modern photography buffs the pictures are quite striking, and the measures taken to make them seem more ancient than they are may very well offer the aspiring photographer new tricks for his or her toolbox. For everyone else? There are far better books about the Amish, especially for those who wish to know their full story.

Production Possibility Curves Essay Essay

Explain how mathematical production scuttle squirms so-and-so be use to demonstrate the task of unemployment, effect of technological change and the benefits of economical growth. Human wants atomic number 18 unlimited and resources argon scarce. In collection to fill these wants, all societies face the problem of allocating these scarce resources to producing the wanted products. These decisions greatly affect the saving and exit contribute to the movements of growth. A graph that visually represents the results of the decisions and maps the growth of the scrimping is the production contingency curve. Production possibility curves (PPC) are graphical casts used to demonstrate the diametrical opportunity costs that are involved when individuals or communities make choices on how much of for each one(prenominal) product to produce. The graph depicts the different combinations of two alternative products that can be produced, given technology and a fixed amount of res ources. The two axes represent the amount of each product produced and the curve (frontier) shows the maximum amount of each resource able to be produced when all of the resources are used to their exuberant capacity (refer to Figure 1. Most diagrams discussed will only deal with straight frontiers for the employment of a transcend visual).The resources are the factors of production which consists of natural resources, human labour, capital goods and enterprises. The position of the miserliness is oft shown by a dot or a cross and its position depends on the economys production status. The PPC in addition makes a number of assumptions including the fact that economy will produces only two different goods, the state of the technology will remain constant, and the quantity of the resources remain the same and are both full employed and used efficiently. The production possibility curve is thus able to graphically represent the problems of unemployment, the effectuate of technol ogical change on the products produced and also show the benefits of economic growth in an economy. Production possibility curves can used to demonstrate the problems of unemployment when producing the products in the economy. In the graph, it takes all of the factors of production into account. Thus unemployment will symbolize that not all of the resources are being fully engaged and used to their full potential.The frontier in this case will not change, however the position of the economy will move below the curve. For specimen (refer to Figure 2), if the economy is producing two products X and Y, the frontier does not change and instead the position of the economy on the graph willshift depending on the amount of resources are not being used. The however away the economy is from the curve, the to a greater extent resources unemployed. In this situation, the graph signifies that there is an inefficient allocation of resources. It conveys the economy is incomplete satisfying th e maximum amount of wants nor achieving minimum opportunity costs. Essentially the economy is not using its resources to their full potential, or sacrificing the lowest amount of opportunity costs to produce the products. By shifting the dot around, the PPC makes it very(prenominal) obvious to where in economy is at in productions efficiency and thus can influence decisions in order to overcome the problem of unemployment. The production possibility curve is also able to unwrap the effects of technological change on the production of the products.Newer technology creates more efficient production methods and thus allows the economy to produce more of one product without an plus in opportunity costs. The application of newer, more procreative technology is represented by an outward shift in the respective product axis. In the instance (refer to Figure 3), due to technological advancements it has made producing product X more efficient, thus allowing more of product X to be produ ced. The lack of movement in the Y axis portrays how there was no increase in opportunity cost for producing product Y when more of product X was produced. The shift also shows the new frontier for the economy. The amount of shift can be adjusted to provide a mold of the future economy if it decides to go through with technological advancements in one area. Therefore, the PPC is a great model representation of how technological changes can affect the production possibilities on an economy.Production possibility curves enable the object lesson of how the process of economic growth occurs. Economic growth occurs when more resources are able to be used or existing resources are used more efficiently. Economies often have to decide whether to produce more of capital goods or consumer goods. Producing more consumer goods will satisfy the wants immediately and thus provide higher criterion of living in the present, compared to producing more capital goods which does not satisfy many wa nts right away. However, it provides the economy with big production abilities later on and thus will be able to satisfy more wants in the future. In Figure 4 (the figure deals with concave frontier to represent more of a existent approach to growth), the graph is showing the production of either consumer or capital goods. Theeconomy at spot A is prefers producing more consumer goods than capital goods.The economy at Point B is producing more capital goods. both(prenominal) economies are on the curve C. If the economies at both A and B shift outwards to the curve C1, it will represent that both economies are able to produce more of each product. This clearly demonstrates the benefits of economic growth on production possibilities. Not only are does it enable the more production of each product as a result of more resources used, the economy will be able to satisfy more wants and thus enjoy a higher standard of living. The PPC can also demonstrate how the economy at Point B is mo re likely to experience economic growth as the mouthful of more capital goods produced allowed greater capacity to produce more goods in the future.Using the PPC, it is able to display the different amounts of growth in the various positions and will thus help demonstrate the results. In all, the clear movements of the points from one curve to another visually represent the benefits of economic growth. Production possibility curve are excellent graphs that convey the problems of unemployment, clearly represent the effects of technological change and demonstrate the benefits of economic growth. The movements in graph can show different results and thus can help make decisions on what to produce.

Cause of Prejudice Essay

There are many types of prepossess in late society. The definition of disadvantage according to Websters Dictionary is an adverse opinion or leaning form without just grounds or before sufficient knowledge. The causes of some diagonal hind end be unitinged to a mortals chelaishness. The effects of being prejudice can be harmful to the person who is prejudice and to the people or conference that person is prejudice of. The causes of racial prejudice stem chiefly from childhood.One way childhood can cause a person to be more(prenominal) prejudice is where that person lived as a child. For example, if a child lives in southern United States, that person is more likely to be more prejudice against African-Americans because their culture in the South has been more prejudice towards that group because it has had a prejudice toward that group in general for many years due to slavery. This is not to set up that all people in the South are prejudice but it does lean more prejudic e against that group. Whereas, in the northern states, there is less prejudice in general towards African-Americans.Another way childhood can affect whether or not a person has a prejudice is their family and how they were raised. If a child sees their family or parents using racial slurs or putting down a scat for any reason, that child could grow up to be the same way and think it is acceptable to tolerate a prejudice. The effect of that could be going in public or at school using derogatory comments towards a race and thinking that it is alright and hurting someones feelings. Living in a household with more open views to other races allows for a child to be more open, fork out less prejudice to others, and be more accepting and tolerant.A child could also pick up prejudice opinions through their friends. Their friends could be bullying another child due to his race and that child could join along to fit in. This also is a major problem in schools because that child that is bu llied could resent his classmates and this can cause many more problems down the road. If a child can learn to not decay into the peer pressure of bullying others for being different then more children couldfollow and there is the declaration to bullying in schools.Children are very impressionable and the more we can teach them about leeway and to be more open to others than the better off as a society we are. With less prejudice there wouldnt be as much violence because much of the violence that happens has some anatomy of prejudice attached with it. Also, the more open we are then the fewer problems we result have because everyone will get along and focus on more important issues of the world.

Competitive Analysis

Competitive Analysis One of the few advantages Japed has oer its competitors is that they are t he most(prenominal) sphere of influence overheated dog stand in Vancouver. As they were awarded Best of Vance feed 3 geezerhood consecutively. Shops located at the YVES airport, Robinson Street, and Richmond d has proven to be very thriving towards the company. These locations provide well ace usability for potential consumers. The airport provides hatful from all over the world to g Arab a dissolute bite before their next flight. What better thing to grab than a heathenish fusion het up do g a customer has never tried before?The convenience of Japed makes it easier for busy peppiness el, and hence why the restaurant location is on Robinson . While providing convenience for cue stokers, Japed also brings a singular taste to the market. This unique taste base be thou ought of as an advantage over some other hot dog vendors/ restaurants. This differential advantage in culture c an attract some consumers roaming around the area. The North American culture e for comfort nourishment usually consists of hamburgers, fries, and most importantly for Japed hot dogs.This is unmatchable of the main reasons why Japed was able to gain its popularity an teeth nice, distinct, flavors fusion of one of the most loved snacks in North America. The difference between Japed and other hot dog stands are the unique vary ties that they offer. Such as Spading signature hot dog topped with Tertiary sauce e, mayonnaise and seaweed, these are the kinds of ingredients that makes their products unique . The price range of Japed starts from $5 for a simple hot dog $12 for a full meal inch duding its specialty hot dog, fries and a drink.Japed faces numerous competitors in d owe Anton Vancouver and many other food trucks, but with the increase of Japanese rest rants in the area, Sapwoods air has vainglorious significantly. Japed has become very pop alular as the people of Vancouver have grown a love for Japanese cuisine. Other food trucks provide cuisines such as Mexican cuisine are slightly more pricey than Japed. The price varies around $7 $14, despite the price, although the quantity that is give is also fulfilling, we have found the reputation, value and the taste oft he product Japed offers is on comparability with or surpasses other food stand competitors.Alone g with the product, Japed has the highest number of food stands in Vancouver, thus gig vying them a location advantage and easy accessibility over its competitors. The countless mount of flavors is also a major advantage that Japed possess. Currently with 13 SP Cecilia and 7 traditional hot dogs, as well as a separate category of fries, Spading menu pr vides customers an abundance of choices compared to other competitors. The main competitors of Japed are the other neighboring street vendors a ND obviously, other hot dog stands.Other vendors that have their own cultural TA set such as Mexican, Greek, Chinese or Persian are also a threat towards them. Fast food restaurants such as McDonalds, Churchs Chicken and Wendy are also great threats to confabulate padded. The rice range for a burger in McDonalds is around 5 dollars and the meal is ABA UT 8 dollars and this is one of the reason why Japed is making less profit comparing to chain deed steadfast food restaurants. Fasted chains such as McDonalds and Wends have been established for a longer time. They are very welkin to society and thats the greatest competitive a advantage they have.Established competitors usually lay down advantage of using tv set com Americas to advertise their refreshing product or even a special package deal. Since Japed is q tie new compared to bigger fast food chains such as McDonalds, their locations are r stricter to only business district Vancouver and Richmond Birdhouse strain station. They are no t as exposed as other fast food chains that have been around for a longer time. Spading AC a ccessibility is strictly towards the people roaming around downtown and Richmond Bright use strain station.Even with the exceptional taste and popularity of Japed, there forget be a few downsides. One of the few is that non all people like hot dogs. This difference I n taste may cause slower sales compared to competitors who do not only have hotdogs, but burgers, wraps, or salads. However, during the Winter Olympics that was held in Vance ever, Japed has experienced their busiest time with nearly 1 00 people lining up at one Tim e for the Japanese style hotdogs everyday, showing how they can provide sales with eve n only the menu selection of hotdogs, fries or drinks.In conclusion, after(prenominal) analyzing Spading competitive advantage we can see that t they are continually a very successful local food vendor comparing to other local of odd vendors, but must(prenominal) take further steps in order to grow internationally. Although there are n onerous factors that they must ta ke carefully into consideration in order to further progress t heir business successfully.

Roles of Men and Women

Shamia Thomas Dec 9, 2010 Human sex activity Rebecca Temple sexual urge Roles and Stereotypes In all societies the obvious biological exit between manpower and wo men is utilisation as a justification for forcing them into polar sociable roles which limit and shape their attitudes and behavior. That is to say, no society is heart with the natural difference of sex, but each insists on adding to it a cultural difference of grammatical sexuality. The simple carnal facts therefore ever make associated with complex psychological qualities.It is not enough for a man to be male he in any case has to appear masculine. A woman, in addition to being female, must as well as be feminine. For instance, men and women who feel that they do not fit the masculine and feminine stereotypes, or who dislike them as as well as restrictive, may also develop ambiguous feelings about their biological sex. A persons gender role is imperturbable of several elements and can be expressed through clothing, behavior, choice of work, personal relationships and otherwise factors.These elements ar not concrete and swallow evolved through time. In my life, I always grew up respecting others irrespective of their tradition, religion, relationship shape or gender. Strange as it may seem, the family roles have not changed much in todays society. Growing up,I never knew the gender roles of men and women as much. Many topics such as sexuality,martial status of gender roles and stereotypes were always a major anesthetise in highschool. Now in this time, homeosexuality is a major issue among our young extension and older peers.Homeosexuality is is defined by the boundary or lebsian because sex is specific. The terms heterosexual person and gay are rarely used in everyday speech. Many often use rag words such as gay, lebsian or straight. Generally, the terms gay and lesbian are seen as being less fuddled with negative implications than homosexual. The term gay is used to desc ribe both homosexual men and lesbian women but has become particularly associated with homosexual men. gression manpower more physically hostile, WOwork force scan more guilt, empathize with victim, women can be as aggressive if feel justified or victim is anonymous, also use indirect assault Talking WO custody use tags more often, discuss personal feelings Nonverbal -WO men look more at abetter _or_ abettor when listening than talking, MEN about equal, MEN more probable to touch, WOMEN be touched, WOMEN more attune to verbal and nonverbal expressions & adenine feelings MEN casual sex (availability), WOMEN sex with romantic relationship (long term) Jealousy MEN sexual, WOMEN emotional unfaithfulness Self-esteem MEN value more unique characteristics and abilities, prefer competitive sit, WOMEN interdependency and connections with others (cooperation) Viewing Abilities WOMEN adjudicate self more harshly, also less likely to judge self in a higher place average than oth ers as compared to MENGender Differences Cognition WOMEN excel in language, MEN in mathematics, science, spatial IQ tests show both MEN and WOMEN about equal in overall learning ability Gender differences galore(postnominal) of differences are small and declining May reflect sociocultural influences (environment) math and spatial stereotypically masculine see no difference with math in elementary school, but do at high school level, also give WOMEN institutionalize can get as good. Often WOMEN academically successful labeled as hard workers, MEN as talented This does not mean that, in an ideal future, all tender differences will disappear.Indeed, one time the old stereotypes have been discarded, the differences between individuals within each sex are likely to increase. Furthermore, under conditions of social equality, these individuals may also happily continue to play different gender roles. at that place should be no need to point out that there is nothing wrong with ge nder differences as such. They can greatly enrich our lives, as long as we understand that, in human beings, different does not have to mean superior or inferior. In other words, those who demand equal rights for men and women are not asking for drab uniformity, but for a social climate in which florilegium can dilate without being exploited. Roles of Men and WomenShamia Thomas Dec 9, 2010 Human Sexuality Rebecca Temple Gender Roles and Stereotypes In all societies the obvious biological difference between men and women is used as a justification for forcing them into different social roles which limit and shape their attitudes and behavior. That is to say, no society is content with the natural difference of sex, but each insists on adding to it a cultural difference of gender. The simple physical facts therefore always become associated with complex psychological qualities.It is not enough for a man to be male he also has to appear masculine. A woman, in addition to being femal e, must also be feminine. For instance, men and women who feel that they do not fit the masculine and feminine stereotypes, or who resent them as too restrictive, may also develop ambiguous feelings about their biological sex. A persons gender role is composed of several elements and can be expressed through clothing, behavior, choice of work, personal relationships and other factors.These elements are not concrete and have evolved through time. In my life, I always grew up respecting others regardless of their tradition, religion, relationship status or gender. Strange as it may seem, the family roles have not changed much in todays society. Growing up,I never knew the gender roles of men and women as much. Many topics such as sexuality,martial status of gender roles and stereotypes were always a major issue in highschool. Now in this time, homeosexuality is a major issue among our young generation and older peers.Homeosexuality is is defined by the term or lebsian because sex is s pecific. The terms heterosexual and homosexual are rarely used in everyday speech. Many often use slang words such as gay, lebsian or straight. Generally, the terms gay and lesbian are seen as being less laden with negative implications than homosexual. The term gay is used to describe both homosexual men and lesbian women but has become particularly associated with homosexual men. gression MEN more physically aggressive, WOMEN show more guilt, empathize with victim, women can be as aggressive if feel justified or victim is anonymous, also use indirect aggression Talking WOMEN use tags more often, discuss personal feelings Nonverbal -WOMEN look more at partner when listening than talking, MEN about equal, MEN more likely to touch, WOMEN be touched, WOMEN more attune to verbal and nonverbal expressions & feelings MEN casual sex (availability), WOMEN sex with romantic relationship (long term) Jealousy MEN sexual, WOMEN emotional infidelity Self-esteem MEN value more unique ch aracteristics and abilities, prefer competitive sit, WOMEN interdependence and connections with others (cooperation) Viewing Abilities WOMEN evaluate self more harshly, also less likely to judge self above average than others as compared to MENGender Differences Cognition WOMEN excel in language, MEN in math, science, spatial IQ tests show both MEN and WOMEN about equal in overall learning ability Gender differences many of differences are small and declining May reflect sociocultural influences (environment) math and spatial stereotypically masculine see no difference with math in elementary school, but do at high school level, also give WOMEN practice can get as good. Often WOMEN academically successful labeled as hard workers, MEN as talented This does not mean that, in an ideal future, all human differences will disappear.Indeed, once the old stereotypes have been discarded, the differences between individuals within each sex are likely to increase. Furthermore, under condi tions of social equality, these individuals may also happily continue to play different gender roles. There should be no need to point out that there is nothing wrong with gender differences as such. They can greatly enrich our lives, as long as we understand that, in human beings, different does not have to mean superior or inferior. In other words, those who demand equal rights for men and women are not asking for drab uniformity, but for a social climate in which variety can flourish without being exploited.

Gun Control Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gun Control - Assignment ExampleThe constitution provides for the right to bear ordnance under the Second Amendment (Lott, 2013). However, this should not be used as a gateway to allow the national to run out of operate on in regard to ownership and use of gunmans. Regulation and monitoring of guns is inhering to ensure that the right to bear arms does not jeopardize personal and public security. Uncontrolled gun ownership and use could extend to encompass national threats, an aspect that the legal structure should address.Enforcing gun laws does not constitute any measures, processes, or practices that infringe the Second Amendment. Personally, I feel that gun control lead promote responsible handling of guns. For instance, as much as the constitution allows the people to bear arms, it does not condone criminal acts like the shooting which occurred at Sandy Hook School. In this respect, gun control is important in ensuring coherent interactions and relations between members of the public (Fisanick,

Biography of Sigmund Freud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Biography of Sigmund Freud - Essay ExampleFreuds father was a merchant and had a textile business in Freiberg. This business had supported Jacob and his wife Amelia till the birth of Sigmund. However, the business started to overhaul when baby Sigmund was just four years. Prejudice against the Jews had increased in Austria. However, legal restrictions against them had loosened. In other words, the Jewish doctors, academics, businessmen, and lawyers were gaining important positions in the society of Austria. In fact, the failure of Jacob Freuds business together with the loosened restrictions was the important reasons why the family moved to Leipzig in the year 1859. They then moved to Vienna, Austria in the year 1860 where they lived in Leopold Stadt which was an plain of the Jews (Hergenhahn, 2009).Young Freud was already an uncle at the time of birth. This is because his father had two other sons from a different marriage which existed before he met Amalie Freud. The two half-b rothers were Emmanuel and Philip. John, one of his half-brothers son, was young Freuds favorite playmate when they were sustentation in Freiberg. Amalie gave birth to another son called Julius one and a half years after Sigmund was born. Studies base that Sigmund was very jealous of Julius. This jealousness perhaps prompted Sigmund to develop sibling rivalry theory later in his career.Sigmund and his siblings were brought up with a non-religious background despite the fact that his parents had been raised as followers of the Orthodox Jews.

2014 news on inflation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

2014 news on inflation - Essay ExampleAs a result, the cost of food, non-alcoholic drinks, and flatulency declined. The statistic is still under expectation to fall to 1% towards the end of 2014. The fall in inflation has been nigh(a) news for households since the prices of commodities were higher than the average income of individuals since the financial crisis. Initially, most of the families were not able to buy commodities due to the pitiable income with a rising inflation in the UK. Also, the news in the article unveils to the consumers that their price indices were able to fail by 0.1% from 1.6%. In addition, the news suggests that the Retail Prices Index was able to drop from 2.5% to 2.4% as from the beginning of 2014 (BBC News).In conclusion, I have learnt few lessons from the news. I have learnt that the annual wander of inflation tells us the changes in the cost of living. I have also learnt that the Retail Prices and Consumer Prices Indices are the main measures of in flation in the country. Lastly, I have learnt that inflation can only be controlled by the Central Bank. Thus, the Central Bank determines the rate of inflation in the

Data, Information and Communication in Organizations Management Essay - 10

Data, data and Communication in Organizations Management - Essay ExampleData needs analysis and interpretation with seeming possibilities to enable for the proper development of information in management processes. Communication incorporates data processing by the sender through channels in a manner that the recipient can understand. Communication in spite of appearance arrangings requires clear and well-defined channels, which pass instructions to various stakeholders within organizations.Organizations use well-analyzed data, processed information and channeled intercourse to improve efficiency and effectiveness in networking and team building among employees. The use of data within an organization enables the disclosure of various facts that are invaluable in the implementation management practices. At Nike Company where I serve, for instance, the use of statistical data to know the population of people using Nike products assists in the production of a significant number of p roducts that serve all customers. Statistical information on Nike products gives figures on how Nike products get into the commercialize and the level of their demand and bring out. Proper application of the statistics ensures appropriate production in the company without any shortfall in the marketplace. Based on the theory of price mechanism, especially in management, the use of data in organizations gives them the real figures on demand and supply chains. Therefore, the use of data in organizations enables for the implementation of demand and supply theory in management (International Conference On The Bookmark Of The School Of The Future, Taylor & Hogenbirk, 2013, p. 138).Information increases efficiency in organizations by expanding knowledge among stakeholders on the proper operations and management techniques. Remarkably, the use of information allows various employees and customers to tog themselves with ideas on various products and their use.